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Introduction

Nodes are the fourth position within the Pi ecosystem, and run on laptops and desktops as an alternative of cell phones. Just like different blockchains, Pi Nodes shall be liable for validating transactions on a distributed ledger, and resolving the challenges in sustaining a distributed foreign money by having all nodes come to a “consensus” on the order of latest transactions which are being recorded.

In contrast to nodes that use proof of labor akin to Bitcoin or Ethereum, Pi Node makes use of a special consensus algorithm based mostly on the Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP). In SCP, nodes type trusted teams (quorum slices) and solely comply with transactions that these trusted nodes comply with. The safety circles (See Pi FAQ: What are safety circles?) from Pi cellular miners combination into a worldwide belief graph that permits Pi Nodes to type quorum slices to find out who can and can't validate transactions on the shared ledger.

In contrast to most different crypto tasks, the Pi Node will proceed to comply with the philosophy of user-centric design. As an alternative of requiring deep technical information to arrange a node, on a regular basis individuals will be capable of do this by putting in a desktop software on their computer systems. By means of this pc software, Pioneers can change the node software program on/off to make their units out there/unavailable for serving as a node.

Pi will proceed to stick to the methodology of progressive decentralization because it develops its Testnet. Through the preliminary Testnet, Pi’s blockchain element of the node software program may have a centralized layer with a view to obtain quicker iterations of state of affairs stress testing and variations of the consensus algorithm to accommodate wants of Pi Community and its international group (See Part - Testnet Roadmap). This preliminary model of the node is step one in the direction of constructing the Pi Testnet and ultimately the absolutely decentralized mainnet.

This model of the node consists of two interfaces: the node interface and the desktop Pi App interface. Relying on ranges of participation outlined within the part under, Pioneers can use the 2 interfaces accordingly. Each cellular consumer can obtain the node software program to their pc and use its desktop Pi App interface as a result of it’s an identical interface because the cellular app and can permit individuals to examine their Pi stability, watch media content material and use the Pi chats on their private pc. Each Pioneer can even apply to be a Node by way of the node interface and set up the blockchain element there. There'll initially be a Choice Stage (See Part - Testnet Roadmap) for the Core Group to calibrate node choice standards based mostly on the gadget reliability and connectivity. When a node is chosen by the Core Group, they’ll have to cross KYC to proceed to function a node on Testnet. See extra particulars within the part under: Choice Course of for Nodes and SuperNodes.

Ranges of Node Participation

There are at present three ranges of participation for Pioneers to make use of the Pi Node software program on their computer systems.

Pc App

Pc App refers to solely utilizing the desktop Pi App interface of the node software program. It allows Pioneers who need to work together with the Pi app from their computer systems, so it has comparable functionalities with the cellular app. For instance, many Pioneers have beforehand expressed that they need to have the ability to chat on Pi via their computer systems relatively than telephones. Therefore, we designed the desktop Pi App interface on Pi Node software program, and mixed this interface with the node software program . Additionally, sooner or later, as extra functionalities are added to the Pi App, e.g. Apps Platform and the varied apps on the platform, a few of them may be simpler to entry by means of the desktop interface than the cellular software.

Node

Node signifies that Pioneers entry the node interface, end putting in crucial technical preparations based mostly on directions, and change on/off the node interface to make their pc out there to run the blockchain element after being chosen to be a Node. Though they don’t take part within the consensus, they confirm the validity of the blockchain and submit transactions to get recorded on the blockchain. Sooner or later when Pi’s blockchains broaden to greater than securing a ledger, Nodes will broaden to incorporate computer systems opting in to contribute to collective hardware assets of the community, comparable to computation, storage and bandwidth.

SuperNode

SuperNodes are the spine of Pi’s Blockchain. They're liable for reaching consensus based mostly on the algorithm to write down the best transaction on the Pi ledger, along with all of the duties that a node performs. They’re additionally chargeable for ensuring different SuperNodes and Nodes get the newest state of the blockchain. SuperNodes additionally make the most of the node interface and are initially chosen by the Core Group. They have to be related to the community 24/7 and have dependable web connection.

See the desk under for a abstract of the three ranges of participation in Pi Node software program, and the hardware and software program necessities for computer systems at every degree of participation.


Pc App

(Desktop App interface)

Node

(Node interface)

SuperNode

(Node interface)

Entry Pi Community software on pc

Submit transactions to the blockchain

X

Confirm the validity of the blockchain

X

Allow cellular app customers to submit transactions

X

Take part within the consensus

X

X

Assist different Nodes or SuperNodes get the newest state of the blockchain

X

X


Technical Necessities1

Tentative Hardware Suggestions


THESE ARE NOT CERTAIN. Simply suggestions. Have to benchmark it in follow. Testnet will inform

- 250MB free disk area

- A minimum of 250MB free disk area

- TBD1




- No less than 250MB free disk area

- TBD1




Software program Requirements2

Mac, Home windows,

Linux (quickly)

Mac, Home windows , Linux (quickly)

Mac, Home windows , Linux (quickly)

Notes:

  1. Extra exactly outlined Hardware and Software program for Pi’s Nodes would require further knowledge from the preliminary Testnet of nodes within the Choice Stage outlined under within the Testnet Roadmap on how the node performs on quite a lot of hardware and software program configurations.
  2. When putting in the Node on Home windows, the Microsoft Defender SmartScreen might show a warning when a brand new app downloaded from the web is put in all of a sudden by many individuals. It will possible be the case for Pi Node on account of our giant consumer base. As extra Pioneers settle for to put in Pi Node software program, Microsoft defender will cease displaying this warning.

Choice Course of for Nodes and SuperNodes

To use to function a Node or SuperNode on Pi’s Testnet:

  • Obtain and set up the Pi Node software program in your pc
  • Fill within the Pi Node software inside Pi Node software program
  • Set up technical packages based mostly on directions from the node interface and hold the software program operating as a lot as you're snug with (It may be operating within the background.)
  • The Core group will then choose Nodes and SuperNodes based mostly on standards outlined within the subsequent part.

Chosen Node and SuperNode candidates will probably be knowledgeable by way of the node interface on a rolling foundation over the subsequent three months. The variety of Pioneers chosen shall be decided by the numbers of candidates that meet the choice standards listed within the following part.

Choice Standards for Nodes and SuperNodes

After an preliminary screening interval, Nodes and SuperNodes shall be chosen based mostly on the next standards. Whereas each shall be assessed on comparable standards, the edge for Nodes will probably be decrease than SuperNodes.

  • Uptime (i.e., On-line 24/7)
  • Good web connection (quick and secure)
  • (initially) means to open ports on native router
  • Sufficient processor and reminiscence (verify desk for suggestions)
  • Earlier contributions to the Pi group
  • Safety circles

Based mostly in your node reliability and belief rating in Pi Community, you may be invited to KYC. Candidates that full KYC shall be enrolled to function a SuperNode and Node in Pi’s Testnet.

Through the preliminary Testnet interval, the first objective is to emphasize check the community’s consensus algorithm. Whereas not all Pioneers may have the hardware, software program, and community reliability to take part within the preliminary Testnet, Pi all the time goals to be as inclusive as attainable. All Pioneers will proceed to have the ability to take part by way of Pi’s cellular software. Moreover, over time, we additionally purpose to make the Node position extra accessible by creating further ways in which Pioneers can contribute to the community.

Testnet Roadmap

Testnet will probably be composed of three levels.

Roadmap Define


Choice Stage

Revision Stage

Stay Testnet

Objectives

- Calibrate choice standards for Nodes and SuperNodes

- Check the blockchain

- Obtain security

- Deal with liveness

- Scalability

- Check the blockchain

- Obtain security

- Deal with liveness

- Scalability



Actions

- Analyze Nodes availability and reliability in relation to the efficiency of the community

- Stress state of affairs testing

- Revise consensus algorithm

- Check the blockchain with actual members’ actions

- Revise consensus algorithm

Choice Stage

The Core Group will run the consensus algorithm with Pioneers who've utilized to turn out to be Nodes and efficiently accomplished putting in all essential packages for the blockchain element on their pc. These exams will allow us to know the necessities for particular person Nodes (e.g., hardware, period on-line, bandwidth, stability of connection and so on.) wanted to realize a dependable and safe community. Whereas our hope is to incorporate as many Pioneers as attainable when defining the Node necessities, the supply and reliability of particular person nodes within the community have an effect on the security and liveness of the community. Therefore, we have to stability the 2 features above by testing within the Choice Stage and correctly outline the thresholds for Nodes and SuperNodes.

Revision Stage

The Revision Stage will comprise an iterative means of two actions: state of affairs testing and consensus algorithm revision. State of affairs testing refers to emphasize testing the consensus algorithm, its scalability, and configurations given totally different situations. The info produced from the state of affairs checks then will present steerage as to the place and the way we should always revise and adapt the consensus algorithm to make sure security, enhance liveness, and to realize scalability.

This quick, iterative course of is essential for making enhancements on the consensus algorithm to satisfy the wants of Pi Community. Thus throughout this part, the blockchain element of this Node model incorporates a centralized layer that may permit the Core Group to shortly assign simulated knowledge of the community graph and configurations to totally different Nodes, to extra effectively check a variety of situations and states of the community. For instance, as an alternative of solely counting on the present knowledge from safety circles to check the consensus algorithm, which is just one state of affairs, this function allows the Core Staff to create tons of and even hundreds of situations of quorums by assigning simulated safety circles to totally different nodes within the community. Fascinating situations additionally embrace: What occurs if half of the community will get remoted? What occurs when a proportion of nodes within the community all of the sudden drops out or enters the community? This centralized layer can be eliminated within the mainnet after it serves its testing objective.

In flip, the info generated from these checks can feed the revision of the consensus algorithm. Pi will face distinctive challenges because it adapts and scales the Stellar Consensus Protocol to satisfy the wants of Pi’s blockchain (e.g., numerous members, extremely distributed, private pc as nodes, incorporation of belief graph generated from cellular miners and so on.) The revision stage will permit the community to check issues like scaling messaging and the voting means of the community whereas sustaining security and liveness. The exercise of revising consensus algorithms entails knowledge evaluation and analysis to innovate options tailor-made to Pi Community’s wants.

Reside Testnet

Reside Testnet would be the stage when several types of nodes actively carry out the duties outlined within the tables above (See Part Ranges of Node Participation). Nodes will be capable of submit testing transactions that get recorded on the distributed ledger by nodes by way of the consensus algorithm. The aim continues to be to check the efficiency of the community, however with actual knowledge from safety circles generated by cellular miners and actual actions of members of the community. It additionally accommodates an iterative strategy of testing, knowledge evaluation, debugging, revising and innovating to realize security and deal with liveness and scalability.

Node FAQ

What Is The Relationship Between The Pi Node Software program And The Pi Community Cellular Software?

Nodes and cellular apps are usually not mutually unique however complementary to one another. You'll log into the Node software program via your Cellular app account, which suggests each desktop and cellular apps are pointing to the identical Pi account. As Pi coverage, one individual will solely be allowed to have one Pi account, and as of now, one account ought to run just one node. Cellular mining can solely be began from the cellular app, whereas the desktop Pi App interface of the node will let you verify balances, chat and watch any media content material on the homescreen. Whether or not an account has a node or not doesn't have an effect on any performance within the cellular app.

What Influence Will The Node Have On My System? Will It Drain My CPU And Battery?

If you don't activate the Node or SuperNode half, then the impression is minimal, little or no CPU, reminiscence or community visitors must be consumed, making it accessible to everybody. Turning on the Node or SuperNode performance can be utilizing CPU, reminiscence, arduous drive and community assets. Over the course of Testnet, we will probably be accumulating knowledge to extra clearly decide the impression of operating the Nodes on particular units.

Will There Be A Reward For Operating A Pi Node?

One of many objectives of Pi’s Testnet is to find out what, if any, rewards there ought to be for operating a Node. Whereas we acquire the related knowledge wanted to find out probably the most applicable incentive mechanism, there can be no mining rewards for Testnet Nodes.

Is Pi Node Software program Open Supply?

The blockchain element of the Node will probably be open sourced. We're within the means of tidying up the github repository in order that we will proceed with the open sourcing. We goal to take care of an inventory of open points immediately on the github repository, which group members will have the ability to contribute to, in the event that they like. Keep tuned.



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